Why in news?
Recently, the Centre proclaimed that over 50% of rural households have access to tap water supply.
About Jal Jeevan Mission-
- Jal Jeevan Mission was launched in 2019, it envisions supply of 55 litres of water per person per day to every rural household through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
- The mission comes under Jal Shakti Ministry.
- JJM aspires to create a Jan Andolan for water, making it a top priority for every rural household in the country.
- Aims- The mission ensures functionality of existing water supply systems and water connections, water quality monitoring and testing along with sustainable agriculture.
- The mission also ensures conjunctive use of conserved water; drinking water source augmentation, drinking water supply system, grey water treatment and its reuse.
- Features- The mission concentrates on integrated demand and supply-side management of water at the local level.
- Creation of local infrastructure for source sustainability measures as imperative elements, such as rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and management of household wastewater for reuse, is undertaken in convergence with other government programmes or schemes.
- It is based on a community approach to water and involves extensive Information, Education and Communication as a main element of the mission.
- Implementation- Paani Samitis plan, implement, manage, operate and maintain village water supply systems.
- These comprises 10-15 members, with at least 50% women members and other members from Self-Help Groups (SHGs), Accredited Social and Health Workers (ASHWs), Anganwadi teachers, etc.
- The committees prepare a one time village action plan, combining all available village resources. The plan is approved in a Gram Sabha before implementation.
- Funding Pattern- The fund sharing pattern between the Centre and states is,
- For Himalayan and North-Eastern States- 90:10,
- For Union Territories- 100%, and
- For other states- 50:50.
Performance of Jal Jeevan Mission-
- According to the JJM dashboard, around 9.65 crore households ( nearly 50.38%) have tap water connections across the nation as of 10th June, 2022.
- At the State level- Goa, Telangana and Haryana have accomplished 100% tap connectivity to all households in the State.
- Union territories- Puducherry, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu have also provided 100 % of their households with tap water connections.
- States with over 90 % FHTC (Functional Household toilet coverage) coverage are – Punjab at 99.72 %, Gujarat at 95.91 %, Himachal Pradesh at 93.05% and Bihar at 92.74%.
- States with the least FHTC coverage are— Rajasthan at 24.87 %, Chhattisgarh at 23.10 % , Jharkhand at 20.57% and Uttar Pradesh at 13.86%.
Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban)-
- In the Budget 2021-22, Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban) has been notified under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs to provide universal coverage of water supply to all households through functional taps in all statutory towns in accordance with Sustainable Development Goal- 6.
- It complements the Jal Jeevan Mission (Rural) which envisions supply of 55 litres of water per person per day to every rural household through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
- Objectives of Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban)-
- Securing tap and sewer connections,
- Rejuvenation of water bodies,
- Creating circular water economy.